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The Mississippi Highlands Project
This year, 2008, America's heartland has seen record flooding. Not only have many floods in the past destroyed the lives of hundreds of thousands of people, now many tens of thousands have been evacuated from floods this year, with billions of dollars in damage. The essential idea of this project is fully expandable to help prevent flooding in any of the Mississippi tributaries and, or course, applicable to any river system in the world. It all boils down to economics. See the Great Flood of 1993 below
Create a branching series of subterranean gravity fed aqueduct systems along the Mississippi River designed to absorb 10% more water than has been raised in her largest Flood in the last 100 years which will divert and contain the flood waters within the aqueduct system and a series of 80 or more reservoirs built using the material excavated by the construction of the underground spillways.
Using simple arithmetic, geometry, trigonometry and flow rate calculations for water inside pipe lines of various sizes to determine the required size of an optimally integrated series of aqueducts. Starting with the total volumetric estimates of the Worst Flood in the region were the system is installed, a specific number of reservoirs is derived of such a capacity that the combined containment of multiple reservoirs and staged reservoirs, to absorb as much or more than the greatest flood on record.
Flood crest travels down stream as a swollen or inflated "Volume" of water. The actual volume of various floods on the Mississippi have been calculated by certain federally funded organizations. Using the known volumetric values to calculate the size or a capillary "sponge" floodway using a dendrite-form tubing system. Calculate the flow rate of the number of openings into the system to determine the required number of roots branches and trunk lines. Using this dendriform system of aqueducts we can fill everything from small cisterns to massive man made reservoirs. With this system we will not simply try to protect ourselves from the inevitable flood, we will capture it! By harnessing the flood waters of the Mississippi we will be able to augment crop irrigation, generate hydroelectric power, create fisheries, recreational pools, public fountains, and water slides and even supply water for small canal projects.
The Mississippi Highlands project represents a solution to the majority of
flood risks, and an enhancement to existing systems for irrigation
of agriculture to the supply of water to massive public fountains. Agricultural
Security will be the primary benefit in correlation with flood protection, while
providing water pressure public water systems.
In the 1990s alone, average annual flood losses have topped $7 Billion with the Great Flood of 1993 estimated at $15 Billion. See the Great Flood of 1993 below
"Capillary" / Dendritic / Branching Form High frequency, high volume low velocity intake screens Progressively larger diameter (plug-free) Spill way siphons integrated with storm drains Soil excavated for aqueduct is used to build reservoirs
Considering the full length of 2,381 miles for the river length, and rounding down to 2,000 miles, we can establish our system on the lower 84% of the rivers length. Knowing also that the fall of the river is about 31 feet for every 50 miles we can divide 2,000 miles by 50 miles we measure 40 iterations of 31 foot falls possible in the 2,000 mile segment. Considering 31 foot fall to be representative of an installed reservoir, or a pair of reservoirs having one on either side of the Mississippi we can establish 80 reservoirs. Each of the 80 reservoirs represent a 16 foot diameter spill way that is bored under ground from the reservoir location approximately 50 miles North an slightly steeper grade than the river. Each of the 16 foot diameter spill ways are connected to Therefore we have the following: Key Metrics Reservoir 1,000 acres. 80 Reservoirs each have a 50 Mile long 16 food diameter spillway each.
Little Falls Minnesota To the New Orleanshttp://www.littlefallsmn.com/Homepage.php
Begins: Lake Itasca Ends: Gulf of Mexico Length: 2,381 Miles Flow Rate at Headwaters: 6 cubic feet per second Flow Rate at Delta: 600,000 cubic feet per second Speed at Headwaters 1.2 miles per hour Width at Headwaters: 20-30 feet Width at Delta: Almost 1 mile Rise: 1,475 feet Run: 12,571,680 feet Slope: 0.000117327 Angle of Repose: Just under 1 Degree Fall: 7.4 Inches per Mile or Falls 31 feet every 50 miles. Sediment Load Daily: 436,000 Tons / Day Sediment Load Annually: 159,000,000 Tons / Year Watershed Area: 1.8 Million Square Miles During the great flood of 93' the official death toll was 32 persons with a probable 50 people in total on top of an estimated $15 Billion in damages.
Mississippi River Watch Mississippi Valley Division 1928 Flood Control Act Mississippi River Commission est. 1879 http://hydropower.inl.gov/hydrofacts/index.shtml http://www.technology.gov/Index.html http://www.alaskapump.com/flow.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Flood_of_1993 http://primeshop.com/access/woodwork/anglecalc/
http://www.1728.com/flowrate.htm http://marsh-mcbirney.com/flowcalculator/index.htm http://www.alaskapump.com/flow.htm
Capillary:
Dendrite:
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